SQL is a programming language that helps to manage databases. SQL stands for a structured query language, and it is pronounced as S‑Q-L or sometimes as See-Quell. SQL (Structured Query Language) is a computer language aimed to store, manipulate, and retrieve data stored in relational databases. The first commercial relational database was released by relational software later becoming oracle.

Table of Contents
The SQL language has several parts:
- Data Definition Language (DDL) provides commands for defining relation schemas, deleting relations, and modifying relation schemas.
- Interactive data-manipulation language (DML). It also includes commands to insert tuples into, delete tuples from, and modify tuples in the database.
- View definition includes commands for defining views.
- Transaction controls include commands for specifying the beginning and end of transactions.
The purpose of designing SQL is To manage database
Data Definition language
The statement is used to define the database structure or schema.
The Short form of Data Definition language is DDL
Some Examples:-
- CREATE — to create a database and its objects like (table, index, views, store procedure, function, and triggers)
- ALTER — alters the structure of the database
- DROP — delete objects from the database
- RENAME — rename an object.
Data manipulation language
The statement is used for managing data within schema objects.
The Short form of Data Manipulation language is DML
Select retrieve data from the database.
Some Examples:-
- INSERT — insert data into a table.
- UPDATE — updates existing data within a table.
- DELETE — deletes all records from a table, the space for the record remains.
- CALL — a PL/SQL or Java subprogram.
Data Control language
the statement is used to grant and revoke persimmon from those who have access to the database
The short form of Data Control language is DCL.
Some Examples:-
- GRANT — This command grants people access to the database.
- REVOKE — This command removes the user’s access rights granted by the GRANT command.
Transaction Control Language
Statements are used to manage transactions in the database.
The short form of Transaction Control language is TCL
Some Examples:-
- COMMIT — The COMMIT command is used to store any transaction into the database permanently.
- ROLLBACK — The rollback command restores the database to the last committed state. ROLLBACK is also used with the savepoint.
- creates points within the groups of transactions in which to ROLLBACK.
- SAVEPOINT — A SAVEPOINT is a point in a transaction in which you can roll the transaction back to a certain point without rolling back the entire transaction.