Development of a Country : Definition and Factors

Dif­fer­ent peo­ple can have dif­fer­ent goals . When may be devel­op­ment for one maybe not devel­op­ment for the oth­er. It could be destruc­tion for the oth­er one. It is gen­er­al­ly defined as growth some of the impor­tant goals are seek­ing for income equal treat­ment free­dom secu­ri­ty and respect from oth­er need. Dif­fer­ent peo­ple have dif­fer­ent devel­op­ment goals one would con­sid­er earn­ing more income being a com­mon fac­tor among peo­ple with this and come the ser­vices and goods for their dai­ly needs.

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Devel­op­ment

Impor­tant Fac­tors for a devel­op­ment of coun­try are giv­en below:-

Different notions of development: 

Dif­fer­ent peo­ple have dif­fer­ent notions of devel­op­ment because life sit­u­a­tions of per­sons are dif­fer­ent and there­fore their aspi­ra­tions and desires and goals.

Importance of averages: 

Since coun­tries have dif­fer­ent pop­u­la­tions com­par­ing total income does not tell us what an aver­age per­son is like­ly to earn, hence we com­pare the aver­age income which is the total income of the coun­try divid­ed by its total pop­u­la­tion. It is also called per capi­ta income.

Cri­te­ri­on used by the World Bank as per World Devel­op­ment Report 2006, in clas­si­fy­ing the coun­tries. World Bank says that coun­tries with the per capi­ta income of Rs 4,53,000 per annum and above in 2004 are called rich coun­tries and those with the per capi­ta income of Rs 37,000 or less are called low-income countries.

India comes in the cat­e­go­ry of low income coun­tries because its per capi­ta income in 2004 was just Rs 28000 per annum. Rich coun­tries exclud­ing the coun­tries of Mid­dle-East and cer­tain oth­er small coun­tries are gen­er­al­ly called devel­oped countries.

Key terms

  • Devel­op­ment- Growth of econ­o­my along with the improve­ment in the qual­i­ty of life of the peo­ple like health, edu­ca­tion etc.
  • Per capi­ta income- Is the aver­age income obtained as the ratio between Nation­al Income and Pop­u­la­tion of a country.
  • Nation­al income- Is the mon­ey val­ue of final goods and ser­vices pro­duced by a coun­try dur­ing an account­ing year.

Human development Index: 

It is a com­pos­ite Index pre­pared by Unit­ed Nations Devel­op­ment Pro­gramme (UNDP) through its Annu­al Human Devel­op­ment Report pub­lished every year. Major para­me­ters such as longevi­ty of life, lev­els of lit­er­a­cy and Per capi­ta income are used to mea­sure the devel­op­ment of countries. 

Body Mass Index

(BMI) one way to find out if adults are is to cal­cu­late Body Mass Index. Divide the weight of a per­son (in kg) by the square of the height (in metres). If this fig­ure is less than 18.5 then the per­son would be con­sid­ered under­nour­ished. If this BMI is more than 25, then a per­son is overweight.

Sustainable Development

It means devel­op­ment with­out ham­per­ing the Envi­ron­ment. It is the process of devel­op­ment that sat­is­fies the present needs with­out com­pro­mis­ing the needs of the future generation.

Income and other goals

Place where it would more income; there will be equal treat­ment among peo­ple; there would be free­dom for every­one; job secu­ri­ty for every peo­ple per­son facil­i­ties for fam­i­ly of every kind or from every class it relates with health and Security. 

Concept of national development 

Human devel­op­ment report 2006 pub­lished by UNDP, “Devel­op­ment is based on per capi­ta income edu­ca­tion lev­el of the peo­ple but their health sta­tus as well. ”

Average income

Total income of the coun­try divid­ed by by its pop total pop­u­la­tion; it is also known as per capi­ta income. 

National income

Sum of val­ue of final goods prod­uct with­in the coun­try and income from for­eign fac­tors; are known as nation­al income of a country. 

Infant mortality rate 

The num­ber of chil­dren that die before the age of one year as a pro­por­tion of 1000 live chil­dren won in that par­tic­u­lar year, that is known as infant mor­tal­i­ty rate of a spe­cif­ic place. 

Literacy rate

The pro­por­tion of lit­er­ate pop­u­la­tion in the 7 and above age group the lit­er­a­cy rate of a par­tic­u­lar place. 

Net attendance ratio 

The total num­ber of chil­dren of age group 6 to 10 attend­ing school as a per­cent­age of total num­ber of chil­dren in the school of same age group is said to be the net atten­dance ratio of a state. 

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