In 1972 Parliament enacted the Wildlife (Protection) Act. The wildlife act provides for state wildlife advisory broads, regulations for hunting wild animals and birds, establishment of sanctuaries and national parks, Regulation for trade in wild animals and animal products and trophies and Judicially impose penalties for violating the act.

Harming endangered species listed in schedule I of the act is prohibited throughout India.Hunting species like those requiring Special Protection (schedule II ), big game (schedule 3) and small games (schedule IV) is regulated through a licensing. A few species classified as vermin(Schedule IV) and May be hunted without restriction. Wild life wardens and their Staff administer the Act.
An amendment to the act in 1982 introduced a provision from permitting the capture and transportation of wild animals for the scientific management of animal population.
India is a signatory to the convention of international Trade in endangered species of fauna and flora (C I T E S, 1976.).
Under this export or Import of endangered species and their products are governed by the condition and stipulation lay down there in. Indian government has also started some conservation project for individual in dangerous species like hangul launched in (1970), Lion (1972), Tiger (1973), Crocodiles (1974) and Brown antlered Deer (1981) and Elephant (1991- 92).
The forest (Conservation ) Act of 1980
First forest act in enacted in 1927. this is one of the main surviving colonial legislation. it was enacted to consolidate the law related to forest the transit of forest produce and the duty payable on timber and other forest produce. subsequently the forest conservation Act was formulated in 1980 to make certain reforms over the preceding act of 1971.
The 1927 Act deals with the four categories of the forest namely Reserved Forest, village forest, protected forests and private forest.
A state may declare forest land or waste land as reserve forest and May sell the produce from the forest. Any unauthorised felling of trees quarrying , grazing and hunting in reserve forest is punishable with the fined or imprisonment or both.
Reserve forest assigned to a village community is called village forest.The state governments are empowered to designate protected forests and May prohibit the felling of trees ‚quarrying and the removal of forest produce from these forest. Officer and their staff administer the forest act.
Alarmed at India’s rapid deforestation and resulting environment degradation, Centre Government enacted the forest (conservation) Act in 1980. Under the provisions of this Act, prior approval of the Central Government is required for diversion of forest lands for non — forest purposes. An Advisory Committee Constituted under the Act advises the centre on these approvals.
Biodiversity Act, 2000
India is one of the twelve Mega biodiversity countries of the world and become a part part of the international convention on biological diversity in 1994. the objective of the convention are : the conversation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefit arising out of utilisation of genetic resources. To achieve these goals , biodiversity bill 2000 was introduced in parliament in May 2000. This was finally passed only in December 2002.

This bills seeks to check bio piracy , protect biological diversity and local committee’s. These will regulate access to plant and animal genetic resources and share the benefits.
The nation Biodiversity Authority (NBA) set up under the Act, deals with all cases of access by foreigners. Its approval will be required before obtaining any intellectual property right on an invention based on a biological resources from India, or on its traditional knowledge. It will oppose such rights given in other countries . the NBA enjoys the power of a civil court . In addition, centre May issue directives ro state if it feels a naturally rich area is threatened by overuse , abuse or neglect.