What is a programming language? Its types, advantages and disadvantages

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Pro­gram­ming Language

As you know peo­ple com­mu­ni­cat­ing with each oth­er by a lan­guage and lan­guage  can be Hin­di, Eng­lish, French and many more  so to com­mu­ni­cate with the com­put­er we intro­duce Pro­gram­ming language. 

Pro­gram­ming lan­guage is defined as the process of com­mu­ni­cat­ing with a com­put­er and programmer(Developer).

What is a programming language?

Lan­guage is the Col­lec­tion of words and sen­tences that are used to com­mu­ni­cate with oth­ers and it is the way to talk to someone.

Pro­gram­ming lan­guage is com­put­er language.

Which is used by a programmer(Developer) for talk­ing to computers.

Type of programming language

1 Low level Programming language 

Low-lev­el pro­gram­ming lan­guages are those lan­guages that can be under­stood by machines direct­ly.  It is based on 0 and 1. The process allows run­ning direct­ly on low-lev­el lan­guage. It is hard for humans to under­stand.  Exam­ple: machine lan­guage, assem­bly language.

2.High Level Programming Language:-

High-lev­el pro­gram­ming lan­guages are those lan­guages that can be under­stood by humans or programmers(Developer ). It is like the Eng­lish lan­guage with some sym­bols. To under­stand the com­put­er High-Lev­el Lan­guage. it requires an inter­preter or com­pil­er. High-lev­el pro­gram­ming lan­guage Exam­ple: Pro­ce­dur­al Ori­ent­ed pro­gram­ming lan­guage and Object-Ori­ent­ed Pro­gram­ming lan­guage high-lev­el pro­gram­ming lan­guage include Java, Python, JavaScript, PHP, Objec­tive C, C, C++, C#, Cobol, Perl, Pas­cal, LISP, FORTRAN, and Swift pro­gram­ming language.

3. Middle Level Programming language:-

Mid­dle-lev­el pro­gram­ming lan­guages are those lan­guages that lie between Low lev­el and High-lev­el pro­gram­ming lan­guages. Peo­ple also know it by pseu­do-lan­guage, inter­me­di­ate lan­guage. Mid­dle-lev­el Pro­gram­ming lan­guages include c and c++ language.

Most Popular Programming language

  1. Python is a user-friend­ly pro­gram­ming lan­guage that is wide­ly used. It is an open-source, sim­ple-to-learn pro­gram­ming lan­guage that was cre­at­ed in the 1990s. It is pri­mar­i­ly used in machine learn­ing, arti­fi­cial intel­li­gence, big data, graph­i­cal user inter­face (GUI)-based desk­top appli­ca­tions, and robotics.

Advan­tages

Python is a lan­guage that is sim­ple to read, under­stand, and write.

It is com­pat­i­ble with oth­er pro­gram­ming lan­guages such as C, C++, and Java.

Python exe­cutes code line by line, mak­ing it sim­ple for the pro­gram­mer to locate errors in the code.

Python is plat­form-agnos­tic, which means that you can write code once and run it anywhere.

Dis­ad­van­tages

Python is unsuit­able for cre­at­ing mobile applications.

Python com­mu­ni­cates with the inter­preter. As a result, it is slow­er than oth­er pro­gram­ming lan­guages such as C and C++.

2. C is a pop­u­lar, straight­for­ward, and adapt­able gen­er­al-pur­pose com­put­er pro­gram­ming lan­guage. Den­nis M Ritchie cre­ates it at AT&T in 1972. It is a hybrid of a low-lev­el pro­gram­ming lan­guage and a high-lev­el pro­gram­ming lan­guage. It is used in the cre­ation of appli­ca­tions such as text edi­tors, com­pil­ers, net­work devices, and many others.

Advan­tages

The C pro­gram­ming lan­guage is sim­ple to learn.

It is a pow­er­ful and flex­i­ble pro­gram­ming lan­guage that is fast, effi­cient, portable, and portable.

It is used in com­plex cal­cu­la­tions and oper­a­tions, such as MATLAB.

It sup­ports dynam­ic mem­o­ry allo­ca­tion, which allows mem­o­ry to be allo­cat­ed at runtime.

Dis­ad­van­tages

It is extreme­ly dif­fi­cult to find errors in the C pro­gram­ming language.

C, unlike OOPs, does not sup­port con­struc­tors, destruc­tors, abstrac­tion, poly­mor­phism, encap­su­la­tion, and namespace.

3. C++ is one of the thou­sands of pro­gram­ming lan­guages used to cre­ate soft­ware. Bjarne Strous­trup cre­at­ed the C++ pro­gram­ming lan­guage in 1980. It is sim­i­lar to C but includes some addi­tion­al fea­tures such as excep­tion han­dling, object-ori­ent­ed pro­gram­ming, type check­ing, and so on.

Advan­tages

C++ is a struc­tured pro­gram­ming lan­guage that is easy to learn and use.

It is com­pat­i­ble with OOPs fea­tures such as Abstrac­tion, Inher­i­tance, and Encapsulation.

It offers high-lev­el abstrac­tion and is use­ful for a low-lev­el pro­gram­ming lan­guage, as well as being more effi­cient for gen­er­al-pur­pose programming.

C++ is more com­pat­i­ble with the C pro­gram­ming language.

Dis­ad­van­tages

When com­pared to oth­er pro­gram­ming lan­guages such as Java or Python, the C++ pro­gram­ming lan­guage is not as secure.

Garbage col­lec­tion is not sup­port­ed in C++.

Debug­ging large and com­plex web appli­ca­tions is difficult.

4. PHP is an abbre­vi­a­tion for Hyper­text Pre­proces­sor. It is an open-source, pow­er­ful serv­er-side script­ing lan­guage that is pri­mar­i­ly used to cre­ate both sta­t­ic and dynam­ic web­sites. Ras­mus Laird invent­ed it in 1994. We can also write HTML, CSS, and JavaScript code with­in PHP. The file extension.php is used to save PHP files.

Advan­tages

PHP is a safer and eas­i­er-to-use pro­gram­ming language.

It is com­pat­i­ble with large online libraries.

It is com­pat­i­ble with a wide range of oper­at­ing sys­tems, includ­ing Win­dows, Lin­ux, and Mac.

It has a high lev­el of com­pat­i­bil­i­ty with cloud services.

Dis­ad­van­tages

PHP is not designed to han­dle a large num­ber of appli­ca­tions and is not appro­pri­ate for large applications.

It is extreme­ly dif­fi­cult to keep up.

5. Java Sun Microsys­tems cre­at­ed Java in 1995 as a sim­ple, secure, plat­form-inde­pen­dent, reli­able, archi­tec­ture-neu­tral high-lev­el pro­gram­ming lan­guage. Ora­cle now con­trols Java. It is pri­mar­i­ly used to cre­ate appli­ca­tions for banks, retail, infor­ma­tion tech­nol­o­gy, android, big data, research com­mu­ni­ties, web, and desktop.

Advan­tages

In com­par­i­son to oth­er pro­gram­ming lan­guages, Java is sim­ple to write, com­pile, learn, and debug.

It allows you to run the same pro­gramme on mul­ti­ple platforms.

Because there is no con­cept of explic­it point­ers in Java, it is a high­ly secure pro­gram­ming language.

It has the abil­i­ty to per­form mul­ti­ple tasks at the same time.

Dis­ad­van­tages

Java uses more mem­o­ry and exe­cutes slow­er than oth­er pro­gram­ming lan­guages such as C or C++.

It does not include a back­up system.

6. JavaScript is a type of script­ing lan­guage that can be used on both the client and serv­er sides. It was cre­at­ed in the 1990s for use with the Netscape Nav­i­ga­tor web brows­er. It enables pro­gram­mers to imple­ment com­plex fea­tures that bring web pages to life. It aids pro­gram­mers in the cre­ation of dynam­ic web­sites, servers, mobile appli­ca­tions, ani­mat­ed graph­ics, games, and oth­er applications.

Advan­tage

JavaScript enables us to incor­po­rate behav­iour and inter­ac­tiv­i­ty into web pages.

It can be used to reduce the server’s load­ing time.

It is capa­ble of pro­duc­ing visu­al­ly appeal­ing, dynam­ic web­sites as well as rich user interfaces.

JavaScript is a pro­gram­ming lan­guage that is sim­ple, ver­sa­tile, and lightweight.

JavaScript and its syn­tax are sim­ple to grasp.

Dis­ad­van­tage

JavaScript is entire­ly browser-based.

Mul­ti­ple inher­i­tances are not supported.

When com­pared to oth­er pro­gram­ming lan­guages, it is less secure.

7. C# (pro­nounced as C sharp) is a mod­ern, gen­er­al-pur­pose, object-ori­ent­ed pro­gram­ming lan­guage used on the.NET plat­form with XML-based Web ser­vices. It is pri­mar­i­ly intend­ed to boost pro­duc­tiv­i­ty in web appli­ca­tions. It is eas­i­er to learn for users who are famil­iar with com­mon pro­gram­ming lan­guages such as C, C++, or Java.

Advan­tages

C# is a mod­ern, type-safe, sim­ple, fast, and open-source pro­gram­ming lan­guage that works well with Windows.

C# (C sharp) pro­gram­ming lan­guage requires less main­te­nance than C++ pro­gram­ming language.

C# is a com­plete­ly object-ori­ent­ed pro­gram­ming language.

C# includes a pow­er­ful mem­o­ry back­up fea­ture. As a result, it avoids the issue of mem­o­ry leakage.

Dis­ad­van­tages

Because it is entire­ly based on the Microsoft.Net frame­work, C# is less flexible.

Mul­ti­thread­ed appli­ca­tions in C# are dif­fi­cult to write, under­stand, debug, and maintain.

8. R pro­gram­ming is cur­rent­ly one of the most pop­u­lar pro­gram­ming lan­guages for data ana­lyt­ics, sci­en­tif­ic research, machine learn­ing algo­rithms, and sta­tis­ti­cal com­put­ing. Ross Iha­ka and Robert Gen­tle­man cre­at­ed it in 1993. It makes it eas­i­er for mar­keters and data sci­en­tists to analyse, present, and visu­alise data.

Advan­tages

Data Wran­gling is well sup­port­ed by R programming.

It has a sim­ple user interface.

It is com­pat­i­ble with all plat­forms, includ­ing Win­dows, Lin­ux, and Mac.

It is a plat­form-inde­pen­dent, open-source pro­gram­ming language.

Dis­ad­van­tages

3D graph­ics are not sup­port­ed by R programming.

It is more time con­sum­ing than oth­er pro­gram­ming languages.

9. Go, also known as Golang, is an open-source pro­gram­ming lan­guage. It is used to cre­ate soft­ware that is sim­ple, depend­able, and effi­cient. It was cre­at­ed in 2007 by Robert Griese­mer, Rob Pike, and Ken Thompson.

Advan­tages

The Go pro­gram­ming lan­guage is sim­ple to learn and use.

It includes built-in test­ing tools.

Go is a light­ning-fast pro­gram­ming language.

Dis­ad­van­tages

The Go pro­gram­ming lan­guage does not sup­port generics.

It does not allow for error handling.

It is in favour of a lack of frameworks.

10. Ruby is an open-source, gen­er­al-pur­pose, object-ori­ent­ed pro­gram­ming lan­guage that was first released in 1993. It is employed in both front-end and back-end web devel­op­ment. It is pri­mar­i­ly intend­ed for the cre­ation of CGI (Com­mon Gate­way Inter­face) scripts.

Advan­tages

Ruby sup­ports a num­ber of GUI (Graph­i­cal User Inter­face) tools, includ­ing GTK and OpenGL.

It is used to cre­ate both inter­net and intranet applications.

Ruby code is short and has few lines.

Dis­ad­van­tages

Ruby is more time con­sum­ing than oth­er pro­gram­ming languages.

Debug­ging Ruby code is extreme­ly dif­fi­cult for programmers.

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